Renal transplant, also known as kidney transplant, is a surgical procedure where a healthy kidney is transplanted into a patient with end-stage renal disease or kidney failure. This procedure is performed to improve the patient's quality of life and increase their life expectancy. Kidneys for transplant can come from living donors, deceased donors, or sometimes from donors who are brain dead but their hearts are beating. Renal transplant is a common treatment option for patients with kidney failure and has been shown to provide better survival rates and quality of life compared to dialysis. However, transplant recipients must take immunosuppressive medications for the rest of their lives to prevent their immune system from rejecting the new kidney. Ongoing research in the field of renal transplant focuses on improving outcomes, minimizing complications, increasing the availability of donor kidneys, and finding ways to reduce the need for immunosuppressive drugs.